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How we think,written by famous philosopher and educator John Dewey,is a classic work which systematically introduce what is think and what should educators do to teach children how to think.Many Chinese scholars highly recommend this book .Among them we can see plenty big names such as Hu Shi,Pan Jiaxun and Li Xiaofeng,which stimulated my interest.Is it really THAT magic?

   Well,my first impression of this book is rigorous.It has strict structure,just like a beautiful logical provement of a math problem.Before every chapter of the book,John will write a few sentences to summary up what he had said and clarify the implcation of the current content.I have to say John`s rigorous attitude add its credibility to a large extent.Even on the other hand ,it indeed increases the diffculty of reading,at least for me :)

   I would like to show you the  rigorous structure of 'How we think' briefly.The whole book was divided into three parts:The problem of training thought,Logical considerations and The training of thought.In the part One John gives us the definition of think at first ,then discusses the importance,target and problems of think training.After arising the problem,it is solving .Part Two is some kind of a "preparation",in which John analyzes the process of thinking and carefully redefinite the meaning of several words we usually used ,preparing readers for the further and deeper exploration and explaining in the part Three.In the final part,John narrates his thoughts about training thought from four aspects:activity,language,observation and class.He also gives the eduactors many practical suggestions in the end of this book.

   I learned a lot of new things,or in the word of this book,new beliefs,through reading it.For example,the problem fixes the end of thought and the end controls the process of thinking.Demand for the solution of a perplexity is the guiding factor in the entire process of reflection.Another example,now I understanded the substitution of scientific for superstitions is the result of regularation of the conditions under which ovservation and inference take place.It guided me to consider thinking in a scientific and special way.

   Chapter 4 made the deepest impression on me.Probably because I am a student now,many problems John mentioned in this chapter I have been faced myself.The title of chapter 4 is "School conditions and the training of thought",as it suggests,it talks about the problem of school education in a calm tone.Teachers and school play a huge part in the growing process of children.However,what are our schools done?In the case of preeminently logical studies,school education always isolate of intellectual activity from the ordinary affairs of life.On the contrary,in those studies where the emphasis is upon acquisition of skill, the tendency is to take the shortest cuts impossible to gain the required end,doesn`t care about whether the student is actually mastered the knowledege.And in the studies falls upon bulk and accuracy of imformation,"Covering the ground"is the primary necessity,the nature of mind a bad second.What a trenchant analysis!I believe educators can get some ideas from this chapter.

   In a word,How We Think is definitely one of the best books I have ever read about education.It is MAGIC.Get one for youself now.I am sure you won`t regret.

2023-01-13

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