Albert Einstein
Albert Einstein (German/English: Albert Einstein; March 14, 1879 - April 18, 1955) was an American-Swiss physicist born in Ulm, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany. [1-4] [44]
Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany, to a Jewish family (both parents were Jewish). In 1900, he graduated from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich and became a Swiss citizen [1-4]. In 1905, Einstein received a doctorate in physics from the University of Zurich, and proposed the photon hypothesis and successfully explained the photoelectric effect (for which he won the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics) [1-4]. In 1933, he moved to the United States and worked at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton. In 1940, he became a citizen of the United States while retaining Swiss citizenship [1-4]. On April 18, 1955, Einstein died in Princeton, New Jersey, at the age of 76 [1-4].
In December 1999, Time magazine named Einstein one of the "Person of the Century" of the 20th century.
Einstein's theories laid the theoretical foundation for the development of nuclear energy. In order to help fight the Nazis, he wrote a letter to US President Franklin D. Roosevelt with the assistance of Leo Szilard and others, which directly contributed to the launch of the Manhattan Project. After World War II, he actively advocated peace and opposed the use of nuclear weapons, and signed the Russello-Einstein Declaration [4-8]. Einstein opened a new era of modern science and technology, is recognized as the greatest physicist after Galileo, Newton, but also the critical school of scientific philosophy thought and carry forward.
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