话题讨论1
汪蕊
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2. What does Temple of Heaven represent?
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3.What is the Terracotta Army?
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回复
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用户718562The emperor used to offer oblations to Heaven here twice a year, in the spring and winter. The Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests was the site of the spring rituals, where the emperor and the ministers would gather for the ceremony signified by the name of the hall. On the Winter Solstice, they would make offerings at the Circular Mound Altar, to show their gratitude for the great compassion of Heaven toward the human world. In times of drought or flood, the emperor would come here with civil and military officials to pray for assistance from heaven. Only the emperor could pray at the Temple of Heaven.Ordinary people were not allowed access. Yet the idea of showing awe and respect to Heaven was not reserved for the emperor alone, but was shared by the people as well. The worship of Heaven among the Chinese dates back to over 3,000 years ago.Our ancestors believed that Heaven, also known as the "Heavenly Deity" or "Heavenly Emperor," was the mysterious force that directed all things on Earth, such as natural harvests and personal fate.Heaven stood for righteousness. Natural disasters on Earth were regarded as warnings to people for wrongdoings of one kind or another. In
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用户718562How we arrange our domestic lives and how we live together in harmony is the essence of traditional Chinese thinking. First and foremost, Chinese culture regards human life as part of nature and,as such, the only way for us to survive is to live in harmony with nature. The fundamental significance of civilization lies in the creation of a peaceful world,which also requires avoiding conflict between humans and nature. Instead of dictating to nature,people should hold nature in awe and gratitude.A second characteristic of Chinese culture is its emphasis on harmonious human relationships.An individual cannot live without community and society. Thus Chinese culture strives to build a world of harmony based on friendship between individuals, mutual assistance between families, and respect between nations. Thirdly, Chinese thinking stresses self-reflection. People should not only understand the external world, but also and more importantly, improve their internal state of mind.Only after humans have cleared away any intentions of combating nature, are we able to live up to the philosophy of living in harmony with nature.
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张红阳Confucius (551-479 BC), known in China as Kongzi, given name Qiu and alias Zhongni, was a native of Zouyi (present-day Qufu in Shandong Province) of the State of Lu during the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC). A great thinker, educator and founder of Confucianism, Confucius is an ancient sage to the Chinese people. His words and life story were recorded by his disciples and their students in The Analects (Lunyu).
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陈建淳Confucius (551-479 BC), known in China as Kongzi, given name Qiu and alias Zhongni, was a native of Zouyi (present-day Qufu in Shandong Province) of the State of Lu during the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC). A great thinker, educator and founder of Confucianism, Confucius is an ancient sage to the Chinese people. His words and life story were recorded by his disciples and their students in The Analects (Lunyu). 2.The emperor used to offer oblations to Heaven here twice a year, in the spring and winter. The Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests was the site of the spring rituals, where the emperor and the ministers would gather for the ceremony signified by the name of the hall. 3.In the spring of 1974, when villagers were digging a well near Xianyang, Shaanxi Province, they came across unusual pottery fragments. Some resembled human figures, while others looked like animals. Word of the chance findings alerted archeologists, who soon uncovered on the site a huge army of terracotta warriors and horses, which had been interred with the remains of the First Emperor more than 2,000 years ago.
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杨贯西In the spring of 1974, when villagers were digging a well near Xianyang, Shaanxi Province, they came across unusual pottery fragments. Some resembled human figures, while others looked like animals. Word of the chance findings alerted archeologists, who soon uncovered on the site a huge army of terracotta warriors and horses, which had been interred with the remains of the First Emperor more than 2,000 years ago. Altogether, four pits housing thousands of terracotta warriors have been unearthed, numbered according to the time sequence of their discovery. Pit No. 1, with an area of more than 14,000 square meters, is the largest. It is home to an entire battle formation of life-size soldiers and horses. The front echelon consists of 210 soldiers standing in three rows, with the commander in the front. About 6,000 soldiers make up the main body of the formation. They stand in 38 columns, some as long as 180 meters. All of them sport suits of armor and hold bronze weapons. On either side of the central echelon is a row of 180 soldiers, as flanks of the formation. At the back, more than 100 warriors stand, probably part of the rear guard. Among the formation are 32 terracotta horses, with four drawing a wooden war chariot. -
用户7185721:Subjects covered in his book range from ancient wonders such as the Forbidden City, the Great Wall, the Terracotta Army, and traditional residences of ordinary people, to enduring artworks of calligraphy, painting, landscape gardening, Peking Opera, and porcelain. Under the authors' pen, these subjects have all been imbued with a living spirit to epitomize Chinese people's real life interests. Even in a game of go, the authors have discovered "kindred friendship" among the players, who play a "good game" through principles of cooperation and coexistence. In the description and analysis of A Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival, or of Old Beijing and Old Shanghai, the authors provide readers with glimpses of Chinese people's contentment with a peaceful and harmonious life. This is perhaps part of the reason why Chinese culture has lasted for thousands of years.2:The emperor used to offer oblations to Heaven here twice a year, in the spring and winter. The Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests was the site of the spring rituals, where the emperor and the ministers would gather for the ceremony signified by the name of the hall. On the Winter Solstice, they would make offerings at the Circular Mound Altar, to show their gratitude for the great compassion of Heaven toward the human world. In times of drought or flood, the emperor would come here with civil and military officials to pray for assistance from heaven. Only the emperor could pray at the Temple of Heaven. Ordinary people were not allowed access. Yet the idea of showing awe and respect to Heaven was not reserved for the emperor alone, but was shared by the people as well. 3: For example, the half-squatting, half-kneeling archers in Pit No. 2 each have their hair tied in a knot and wear suits of armor over their war robes. They genuflect on one leg while squatting on the other, their bodies leaning forward and their hands pulling bows. Although no bows or arrows survived the long years underground, the archers' posture clearly shows the tension of the process of shooting. The standing
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陈建淳原文:返回 话题讨论1 3.Aftogether, four pits housing thousands of terracotta warriors have been unearthed, numbered according to the time sequence of their discovery. Pit No. 1, with an area of more than 14,000 square meters; is the largest. It is home to an entire battle formation of life-size soldiers and horses. The front echelon consists of 210 soldiers standing in three rows, with the commander in the front. About 6,000 soldiers make up the main body of the formation. They stand in 38 columns, some as long as 180 meters. All of them sport suits of armor and hold bronze weapons. On either side of the central echelon is a row of 180 soldiers, as flanks of the formation. At the back, more than 100 warriors stand, probably part of the rear guard. Among the formation are 32 terracotta horses, with four drawing a wooden war chariot. 用户718578 23-12-17 18:58 external world, but also and more importantly Confucius (551-479 BC), known in China as Kongzi, given name Qiu and alias Zhongni, was a native of Zouyi (present - day Qufu in Shandong Province) of the State of Lu during the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC). A great thinker, educator and founder of Confucianism, Confucius is an ancient sage to the Chinese people . His words and life story were recorded by his disciples and their students in The Analects (Lunyu). 樊博轩 23-12-17 18:57 Confucius (551-479 BC), known in China as Kongzi, given name Qiu and alias Zhongni, was a native of Zouyi (present-day Qufu in Shandong Province) of the State of Lu during the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC). A great thinker, educator and founder of Confucianism, Confucius is an ancient sage to the Chinese people. His words and life story were recorded by his disciples and their students in The Analects (Lunyu). 发送 译文:Back Topic Discussion 1 3.Aftogether, four pits housing thousands of terracotta warriors have been unearthed, numbered according to the time sequence of their discovery. Pit No. 1, with an area of more than 14,000 square meters; is the largest. It is home to an entire battle formation of life-size soldiers and horses. The front echelon consists of 210 soldiers standing in three rows, with the commander in the front. About 6,000 soldiers make up the main body of the formation. They stand in 38 columns, some as long as 180 meters. All of them sport suits of armor and hold bronze weapons. On either side of the central echelon is a row of 180 soldiers, as flanks of the formation. At the back, more than 100 warriors stand, probably part of the rear guard. Among the formation are 32 terracotta horses, with four drawing a wooden war chariot. User 718578 23-12-17 18:58 external world, but also and more importantly Confucius (551-479 BC), known in China as Kongzi, given name Qiu and alias Zhongni, was a native of Zouyi (present - day Qufu in Shandong Province) of the State of Lu during the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC). A great thinker, educator and founder of Confucianism, Confucius is an ancient sage to the Chinese people . His words and life story were recorded by his disciples and their students in The Analects (Lunyu). Fan Boxuan 23-12-17 18:57 Confucius (551-479 BC), known in China as Kongzi, given name Qiu and alias Zhongni, was a native of Zouyi (present-day Qufu in Shandong Province) of the State of Lu during the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC). A great thinker, educator and founder of Confucianism, Confucius is an ancient sage to the Chinese people. His words and life story were recorded by his disciples and their students in The Analects (Lunyu). send
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上杉/. Confucius (551-479 BC ), known in China as Kongzi , given name Qiu and alias Zhongni , was a native of Zouyi ( present - day Qufu in Shandong Proince ) of the State of Lu during the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC ). A great thinker , educator and founder of Confucianism , Confucius is an ancient sage to the Chinese people . His words and life story were recorded by his disciples and their students in The Analects ( Lunyu ).2.The emperor used to offer oblations to Heaven here twice a year , in the spring and winter . The Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests was the site of the spring rituals , where the emperor and the ministers would gather for the ceremony signified by the name of the hall .3.In the spring of 1974, when villagers were digging a well near Xianyang , Shaanx ì Province , they came across unusual pottery fragments . Some resembled human figures , while others looked like animals . Word of the chance findings alerted archeologists , who soon uncovered on the site a huge army of terracotta warriors and horses , which had been interred with the remains of the First Emperor more than 2,000 years ago . -
李思宇1 Confucius (551-479 BC), known in China as Kongzi, given name Qiu and alias Zhongni, was a native of Zouyi (present-day Qufu in Shandong Province) of the State of Lu during the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC). A great thinker, educator and founder of Confucianism, Confucius is an ancient sage to the Chinese people. His words and life story were recorded by his disciples and their students in The Analects (Lunyu). 2 The Temple of Heaven was constructed during the reign of Emperor Yongle (r.1403-1424) of the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), and completed in 1420, about the same time as the Forbidden City. When Emperor Yongle moved the capital from Nanjing to Beijing in 1420, it was at the Temple of Heaven that he performed the important ritual of paying tribute to Heaven and Earth. 3 Renowned as one of the "Eight Wonders of the World," the Terracotta Army of the First Emperor of Qin (r. 246-210 BC) is not only a great legacy of his military might, but also a superb paradigm of ancient Chinese sculpture. -
用户718567For example, the half-squatting, half-kneeling archers in Pit No. 2 each have their hair tied in a knot and wear suits of armor over their war robes. They genuflect on one leg while squatting on the other, their bodies leaning forward and their hands pulling bows. Although no bows or arrows survived the long years underground, the archers' posture clearly shows the tension of the process of shooting. The standing archers feature strong bodies and highly alert expressions, with eyebrows lowered, nostrils slightly flaring and ears alert. Listening attentively, they seem ready to strike at the first signal of battle. Even the suits of armor have different creases to show the movements of the different soldiers. A range of use of body strength in the half-squatting and half-kneeling archers is also discernible. Such vivid representation of detail helps to create the illusion that the warriors are actually alive.
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